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80th General Convention of The Episcopal Church: July 10 sermon by the Rt. Rev. Eugene Taylor Sutton, bishop of the Diocese of Maryland 

July 10, 2022
Office of Public Affairs

The following is the text of a sermon recorded by the Rt. Rev. Eugene Taylor Sutton, bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Maryland, for the July 10 Sunday Eucharist of the 80th General Convention of The Episcopal Church, meeting in Baltimore through July 11.

“Tear Down the Walls”

Let us pray: Tell us what we need to hear, O God, and show us what we need to do, to be disciples of Jesus Christ. Amen.

Dear friends in Christ, we have heard in the Scripture this morning from the book of Ephesians: “For Christ is our peace; in his flesh he has made both groups into one and has broken down the dividing wall, that is, the hostility between us…thus making peace, reconciling the groups to God in one body through the cross, and thus putting to death their hostility. So he came and proclaimed peace to you who were far off and peace to those who were near” (Ephesians 2:14-17).

My friends, I want to talk with you this morning about walls. Walls. There is a memorable line from Robert Frost’s poem “Mending Wall” that goes:

Something there is that doesn’t love a wall,
That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it,
And spills the upper boulders in the sun…

There is a wall in the Holy Land that cuts through the city of Jerusalem, the city that Jesus wept for upon entering it the final days of his earthly life. Just as he did 2,000 years ago, Jesus weeps today. The wall in Israel/Palestine the government calls the “Security Fence,” but our Arab sisters and brothers refer to it as the “Wall of Separation.” It is the wall that is designed to keep people apart from each other. To keep out our Palestinian siblings from entering at will those in Israel.

Most people believe that the wall in Israel/Palestine won’t succeed in keeping people out and won’t give the Israelis the security they so desperately desire and deserve. Walls of separation simply do not work; they never have.

There is something about a wall that God does not like. Since biblical times, God keeps tearing down walls. Take, for example, the Tower of Babel in Genesis chapter 11. According to the story, the human race began with speaking one single language, and in their pride, they built a city with a walled tower meant to reach above the heavens. It was to be a monument to their uniformity and their power. But the Lord God destroyed that wall of uniformity and confounded their speech, saying, in effect, “No, it is not my vision that you will all be the same. My vision is that you will celebrate diversity—not uniformity—and that you will find a way to communicate across many tongues and cultures, and live as one humanity based on love, not sameness.” That tower of conformity had to come down.

And do you remember in the book of Joshua, chapter 6, the story of the walls of Jericho? Those walls had been built by the Canaanites to keep the people of God out of that city. But you can’t keep God’s people out by a mere wall. The Lord God commanded Joshua’s army to march around that city 13 times in seven days, and then blow their trumpets. I imagine they were like the Baptist church choir that I grew up in; that choir of my upbringing could sing so loud and exuberantly that they could blow the roof off any structure and its walls. Joshua’s army of choristers blew that wall down.

There was Hadrian’s Wall, built in the second century by the Roman Emperor Hadrian to keep out the barbarians to the north. Even though the wall stretched completely across the 73-mile width of Northern England, it ultimately failed to keep out the tribes migrating south of that border. Tourists and locals still walk all over that wall today.

There’s the Great Wall of China, begun seven centuries before Christ and improved greatly during the Ming Dynasty in the 17th century to also keep out invaders from various nomadic groups from Eurasia. Yet, today, thousands of invaders from the East and West arrive there every year in tour buses to gaze at and sometimes hike sections of that wall. That wall doesn’t keep out anybody.

And there’s hardly a serious student of history and demographic movements of people who believe that a wall stretching out along the southern border of the United States will keep people out who are desperately poor and terrorized in the countries of their birth, and who believe that if only they can get into this land of freedom and promise, maybe by hard work and good luck, they can live and feed their families. A mere wall will not deter them. Walls never do.

These physical walls are but visible manifestations of another wall, an “invisible” one, that is much more insidious and dangerous. It is the systemic, economic, and racial wall of separation between peoples.

Such is the wall in this city of Baltimore, a wall that cuts through this metropolis like a knife. At first glance you cannot see it, but it doesn’t take long for a resident to feel its reality. It is the very real wall between rich and poor, Black, Brown, and White, the highly educated and the poorly educated, the haves and the have-nots, the upwardly mobile and the left behind.

These are the same “walls” all over the richest nation on earth, walls of persistent injustice, hatred, and bigotry. Just as in Jerusalem 2,000 years ago, Jesus weeps over this city today, because he loves it so much.

On June 12, 1987, at the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, Germany, President Ronald Reagan said in a famous speech: “MR. GORBACHEV, TEAR DOWN THIS WALL!” And within a few years, that wall of totalitarian states all over Europe came a-tumblin’ down.

I believe God is telling us today, “Episcopal Church, tear down those walls! Tear down the walls of separation in your church, in your nations, in your cities, in your societies.”  But how? How do we do that?

Well, first of all, we’re going to have to have some humility before we start tearing stuff down and trying to save the world on our own. Here’s the thing: the world has a Savior, and we ain’t Him. There’s a reason why we worship Our Savior Jesus Christ, and not ourselves, because as good as we think we are, we’re not always as good as we say we are.

The truth is, there are a lot of things that The Episcopal Church is just not good at. God knows, as a bishop, many times I’m not that good at that. I get it wrong at least as much as I get it right. And that’s true of my beloved diocese as well. Maryland is just not that good at a lot of things. I want you to know that in my first years here, I was a kind of “cocky” bishop, thinking that I could just change things—maybe that’s what all new bishops think, that they alone can lead everybody into change. I wanted to lead this diocese onto a path of unprecedented growth, evangelism, stewardship, and Christian formation. We were going to protect our land and waters here in Maryland from environmental degradation, and we were going to be at the forefront of combating gun violence and diminishing poverty. And oh, did I forget to tell you: We were going to change the world! We even came up with numerical goals of growth in a big campaign called Horizons 2015.

Well, on paper, we didn’t make any of those goals. We failed. But there’s one thing that we here in Maryland have worked our tails off in trying to do, and we’re getting really good at it: love. We love; we talk openly about love, we practice it, and when we fail to love right, then we call each other out on it. We work at it; we work at loving God with all our heart, soul, mind, and strength; we really work on loving our neighbors as ourselves. To us, doing justice is just love in action on a social scale, and so we especially work at loving the poor, the outcast, the downtrodden, and the disinherited. We’ve been trying to zero in on what the presiding bishop has been preaching for years—that if we don’t get love right, then we don’t get anything right! All the evangelism efforts, new church starts, and church revitalization efforts don’t mean a darn thing if we don’t get love right.

We are a community of love; that’s our vision statement. Years from now the world at large probably won’t know a whole lot about The Episcopal Church in these parts, but they will know this: That “those Episcopalians—they really know how to love each other, and everybody.”

And that my friends, is why we’ve doubled down here on racial reconciliation in Maryland. It’s because of love. That is why we are committed to reparations. If you’re going to tear down walls of centuries of injustice, then you’re going to have to get serious about repairing the damage that still persists today as a direct result of the past. Reparations is whatever someone or some institution does to repair something that’s broken. It has its roots in the Old Testament, in Isaiah 58:3-12:

“Why do we fast, but you do not see? Why humble ourselves, but you do not notice? Look, you serve your own interest on your fast day, and oppress all your workers… Is such the fast that I choose, a day to humble oneself?..to loose the bonds of injustice, to undo the thongs of the yoke, to let the oppressed go free, and to break every yoke? Is it not to share your bread with the hungry, and bring the homeless poor into your house; when you see the naked, to cover them, and not to hide yourself from your own kin? Then your light shall break forth like the dawn, and your healing shall spring up quickly…Your ancient ruins shall be rebuilt; you shall raise up the foundations of many generations; you shall be called the repairer of the breach, the restorer of streets to live in.”

That, my friends, is the work of reparations, which simply means to repair the breach, to repair the brokenness that we see about us. It is a profound act of reconciliation: the act of putting back together the broken pieces that prevent wholeness—it’s a restoring of community and harmony. In May of 2019 at our annual convention, the Diocese of Maryland took a bold step toward reconciliation. It voted unanimously to affirm my pastoral letter on racial reconciliation that called for this diocese to commit itself to reparations as one of the means of reckoning with our collusion with and participation in.the enslavement of peoples on our soil, and the hundred-plus years of slavery and racial discrimination after it.

Why? Why did our 90% White diocese, stretching from Appalachia to the Chesapeake Bay, Republican and Democrat, urban and rural, rich and poor, conservative and progressive, why did we vote to take monies out of our financial resources and return it—that’s right, not “give it,” but “return it”—to impoverished Black communities across the state? Because we wanted to follow Jesus, and we asked ourselves, “What would Jesus do?” If Jesus were speaking to our diocese today, having enriched itself in no small part on the backs of Black and Brown bodies and did not compensate them for centuries of their labor, what would he have us do? Just say that was then, this is now, bad stuff happens, it wasn’t all that bad, we’re all one now, let’s just sing “Kum Ba Yah” and say that we’re reconciled? What would Jesus want us to do – not “feel,” not “wish for,” but “do?” 

We discerned that Jesus first wanted us to tell the truth about ourselves. And the truth is, The Episcopal Church stole. We stole Black lives, and from Black livelihoods. We destroyed their families. We dehumanized them, degraded them, treated them like dirt, and legislated for hundreds of years that they were not fully “persons.” And then after 250 years of enslaving them—yes, we did, in The Episcopal Church and their clergy—we, for most of the years since slavery, profited from social and economic structures that made sure that Black people would be treated as inferior citizens to White people, making it much more difficult to own property, to vote (and that’s still going on now, people, trying to suppress that vote), and tried our best to make sure that Black people would not get a good education, would not get good jobs, would not get good health care, would not make money—resulting in generations of communities that could not hand down wealth to its descendants. These are the disinherited that Howard Thurman talked about in his famous book, “Jesus and the Disinherited.” Our nation ended slavery in 1865 after a bloody civil war waged to protect that evil institution, but we gave no property or monies to formerly enslaved persons for their centuries of uncompensated labor. 

What would Jesus do? Well, we know what Jesus’ followers did. The Episcopal Church in the South helped to shape Jim Crow segregation, and the whole church was largely silent for at least a century about racial segregation, lynchings, redlining, voter suppression, unfair employment practices, and other forms of racial injustice.

But for the last 20 years or so, beginning during the episcopate of my predecessor and present colleague as my assistant bishop, Bishop Bob Ihloff, and our former Suffragan Bishop John Rabb, we uncovered our history in order to get at the truth. We fearlessly looked at our diocesan history and told the story; and we encouraged our parishes to uncover their histories and tell their stories of how they related to the Black community.  And you know, sometimes the truth hurts—but we heard Jesus say, “It will also set you free.” Tell the truth!

What would Jesus do? What is he telling us? We learned something in Sunday School a long time ago: If you steal something from someone, you pay it back. And if you can’t pay it all back, you take steps to make amends. When we began to show how much this White church gained from centuries of racial injustice, that just didn’t sit well with us. That stuck in our craw. We kept hearing Jesus say, “Pay down the debt you owe to the impoverished Black communities in this state.”

So, at the next diocesan convention we voted overwhelmingly to start a seed fund of $1 million. That figure was not a mathematical computation, but a moral one. It’s taken from endowments and other diocesan funds and represents about 20% of our annual budget.  It’s going to put a dent in some other things we want to do; it will hurt, and it should.  Because it’s owed, it’s owed the Black community. After centuries of stealing money from the African American community, we’re going to invest in the impoverished Black community. We’re funding projects in education, housing, health care, the environment, and economic development to repay some of that debt.

The response of the wider community has been overwhelmingly positive, frankly, much to my surprise. I expected more resistance. But we’re still receiving letters and checks from individuals throughout Maryland who say, “Thank you, Diocese of Maryland, you’ve finally admitted the truth, and you’re putting your money where your mouth is. Enclosed is a check; I want to help.” One such gift came unexpectedly from a very small congregation in a coal mining town, St. James Church in Westernport. Their ancestors had nothing to do with slavery, but they wanted to be in solidarity with uplifting underinvested and impoverished Black communities especially in the western rural parts of our diocese. When I visited them last year, they presented me with a check for $10,000. That small, mostly rural, White congregation. That’s what love does, and they got it.

You know, all too often we want to do reconciliation on the cheap. We don’t want to pay the price of being reconciled; we want it for free; we want it to be easy and all smiles. But if reconciliation doesn’t cost anything, then it’s not worth anything! There is no reconciliation without a reckoning, and the time is now. If you don’t think the time is now, tell me when; give me a date—when is the time for justice? We believe it’s now. The payment of reparations is a reckoning for the racial sins of our nation and our church against persons with beautiful Black skin like mine.

And friends, don’t let retrograde voices and forces against this reckoning poison your minds and scare you about what reparations supposedly means. Reparations is not White people writing checks to Black people. No, it’s about what this generation will do to correct an injustice that previous generations failed to do. They lacked the courage to repay formerly enslaved persons; they kicked that can down the road. But the can is still on the road; it didn’t go anywhere. Will this generation show enough courage and faith, and love to do the right thing after so many years of saying, “It just can’t be done,” or “Reparations will never fly in this country”? Well, maybe for some folks, but not for Black folks.

There is such a thing as a “collective culpability.” The Diocese of Maryland’s experience with communities of African descent is different from Hawaii’s, or Arizona, Minnesota, Taiwan, Central America, or Puerto Rico. The response of every diocese to racism is going to be different due to different histories and contexts. But we all live in a world where darker-skinned people are treated as “less than” in relation to lighter-skinned people: all over the world. 

And all of us belong to this church, which has collectively benefitted financially from slavery and racial segregation. We know, or should know, the history of how our church received substantial portions of its financial resources from racist sources. We know the truth about how the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (SPG) derived much of its income from sugar plantations that made use of slave labor, and we know that two of the founders of the Domestic & Foreign Missionary Society (DFMS) also founded the American Colonization Society—of which Francis Scott Key, the author of “The Star-Spangled Banner” and a vestryman at All Saints Church in Frederick, was a prominent proponent of its aims to deport freed slaved people in this country—to deport them. We have all benefitted financially from institutionalized racism.

Some dioceses and institutions have already begun to address the reckoning; Maryland is not the only one. There are several other dioceses that have already made commitments to reparations or who are at some stage of educating themselves; you know who you are, and I want to say THANK YOU; Maryland thanks you. In addition to these and other diocesan efforts, this convention will vote on a resolution from the Presiding Officers’ Working Group on Truth-telling, Reckoning, and Healing that calls for the establishment of an Episcopal Coalition for Racial Equity and Justice as a voluntary association of Episcopal dioceses, parishes, organizations, and individuals. Folks, it’s these kinds of bold proposals that will move our church forward toward racial justice for many years to come, and I hope you will support them.

It’s going to take all of us to fix this. It doesn’t matter if your ancestors came over on these shores on the Mayflower or on a slave ship; it doesn’t matter if they owned slaves or were themselves enslaved, it doesn’t matter if you’re a Northern diocese or a Southern diocese, or if you’re in Europe or Asia or Central America; it doesn’t matter if you’re a recent immigrant or one whose family has been here for generations—we’re all in the same boat now. I am committed to being a part of the solution; I’m paying into our diocesan Reparations Fund, even though my country and my own church enslaved my people. Your protestations that you aren’t racist and had nothing to do with the fact that millions of African Americans are entrapped in systemic poverty, that will hold no water with me. We’ve all inherited a racial mess; we swim in an ocean of racism in this country, and fish don’t know they’re wet. We didn’t cause it, but we have to fix it.  Reparations is not about guilt; it’s about responsibility. We all have a responsibility to repair the damage of centuries of theft.

I want to leave you with a photo that was taken when I made my first pilgrimage to the Holy Land from this diocese in 2008. It’s a photo of a section of the wall in Jerusalem, that separation wall, where someone spray-painted these words: JESUS WILL TEAR DOWN THIS WALL! And so he will. That wall’s going to go; they all do. Our Lord is inviting us to join him in this work. So, friends, let’s roll up our sleeves. Let’s rebuild our communities with the resources we have. Let’s make great strides to tear down all walls of inequity and injustice and start building bridges across the divides in our communities, in our churches, in our dioceses, and across The Episcopal Church. And as we do so, may we give all honor and glory to God, now and forever. Amen.